What Is Loom? | Classification Of Loom

What is loom?

Loom is a mechanical device that is used to produce woven fabric by the insertion of warp and weft yarn. In weaving technology; the loom is the principal mechanical device for weaving. However, various types of looms are used for doing the weaving task. Various types of designed fabric are also produced by changing the machine setting.

Loom is a mechanical device that interweaves yarns to the fabric which fabrics are suitable for use as a dress or for industrial uses.

Classification of loom

Fabric is produced by means of the loom. At the very beginning of the fabric manufacturing history, man used hand loom for fabric production. Day by day, the weaving mechanism is changed by the development of the loom. In modern times, the loom which is used for fabric manufacturing, they have high production capacity as well as complex design production capacity.

Loom is classified mainly into three types. classification of Loom is given below:

Conventional Loom

The following are the conventional loom types. They are-

1. Hand Loom
2. Plain Loom
3. Twill Loom
4. Dobby Loom
5. Jacquard Loom

Automatic Loom:

The following are the automatic loom types. They are-

1. Modern Loom
2. Missile Loom or Projectile Loom
3. Rapier Loom
4. Water Jet Loom
5. Air Jet Loom

Special Loom

Loom is also classified into two types depending on the shuttle. The following are the special loom types. They are-

Shuttle Loom

A shuttle loom is a loom where weft yarn is inserted through the warp yarn by the means of a shuttle. In the above chart, the conventional and automatic loom is considered as the shuttle loom. Special types of shuttle looms are the short loom, broadloom, pile loom, gauge loom, and tri-axial loom, etc.

Shuttle less Loom

In a shuttle-less loom, the weft yarn is inserted through the warp yarn by the means of projectile, rapier, air, or water. The entire shuttleless loom is called the modern loom. This type of loom has more production capacity than the shuttle loom.

In jute fabric manufacturing, a shuttle loom is used but in modern cotton textile mills, the modern loom is used for fabric production.