Basic Properties Of Textile Fiber

Textile Fiber

Textile fiber is that which is 100 times longer than its width. In fact, a fiber that could be spun for yarn production is called textile fiber. Fibers are mainly two types: natural fiber and synthetic fiber. However, textile fiber is used for producing different types of woven, non-woven, and knitted fabrics.

Textile fiber, which is used for yarn or fabric production, should have some properties indeed. Generally physical, chemical, and structural properties are important to know for the textile fiber. Here, I have given a list of properties’ names, such as physical, chemical, and structural properties, which are required to be known.

Physical Properties of Textile Fiber:

I have given the physical properties name with their unit identically. A fiber should have the following physical properties. The following are the physical properties of the fiber. They are:

1. Tenacity / Specific Strength (g/den)
2. Length (cm/inch)
3. Fineness (mic-value)
4. Moisture Regain (MR %) and Moisture Content (MC %)
5. Specific Gravity (g/cc)
6. Elongation (cum/inch)
7. Elastic Recovery (%)
8. Initial Young Modulus (g/den)
9. Breaking Length (km)
10. The extension (%)
11. Maturity
12. Swelling R Water Relation %
13. Static Electrification
14. Glass-Transmission Temperature (T₉)
15. Crystalline Melting Point (Tm)
16. Discoloration
17. Specific Heat
18. Burning Behavior
19. Thermal Conductivity
20. Pilling Behavior
21. Limited Oxygen Demand (LOI %)
22. Degradation

Chemical Properties of Textile Fiber

To identify a textile fiber, the following properties play an important role. The following are the chemical properties of textile fiber. They are-

1. Chemical Composition
2. Effects of Acids
3. Effects of Alkalis
4. Organic Solvents effect
5. Effects of Insects
6. Effect of micro-Organism

Structural Properties of Textile Fiber:

Above all, all textile fibers have their own structure by which they can be identified. The following are the structural properties of textile fiber. They are-

• Fine Structure and Appearance
• Micro Structure: They are two types:

1. X-Sectional View
2. Longitudinal View

So, when we describe any textile fiber, we have to determine the above physical, chemical, and structural properties. Moreover, all of the above properties affect dyeing, printing and the finishing process.

So, textile fiber has a great impact on fabric production.