Woven Fabric Structure: Properties, Types, And Their Uses

Woven Fabric Structure

The woven cloth structure is defined as the order of interlacement of warp and weft threads at right angles according to the type of weave or design that is desired. Similarly, the structure of knit fabrics is defined as the interloping system of yarns. Basically, there are different types of fabrics available on the market, and all of them do not have the same structure.

Types of Fabric Structure

The following are the types of fabric structures: They re-

• Woven Fabric Structure
• Knit Fabric Structure
• Non-Woven
• Braid

Classification of Woven Fabric Structure

There are two types of woven fabric structures. They are-

1. Simple Structures
2. Compound Structures

Features of Simple Fabric Structure

The following are the features of simple fabric structures: They are-

• Firstly, to construct a simple fabric structure, only one series of warp (end) and one series of weft (pick) threads are used.
• Secondly, in this construction, the warp and weft threads are interlaced with one another at the right angle.
• After that, the properties of the fabrics are equally determined by all the neighboring warp and weft threads that are parallel to one another.
• Lastly, an example of a simple fabric structure is plain, twisted, and satin fabric.

Features of Compound Fabric Structure

The following are the features of compound fabric structures: They are-

• Firstly, to construct a compound fabric structure, more than one series of warp and weft threads are used.
• Secondly, in this construction, the body or ground is formed by some of the threads, and the others form the figuring or ornamentation.
• After that, it does not need to be parallel to one another of the neighboring threads.
• Lastly, an example of compound cloth is Pile, Towel fabric.

Fundamental Factors of Woven Cloth Structure

The woven cloth structure is varied depending on various fundamental factors. The following are some fundamental factors that greatly affect the structure of the woven fabric: They are as follows:

Yarn Types:

The appearance of the woven fabric greatly depends on the yarn types used for producing that cloth. We all know that yarns come in two varieties: natural and synthetic. The fabric could be weaved with single types of yarn or with a combination of these two types of yarn. This is the producer’s choice. A producer always looks at the demand of the market, and he tries to fulfill that demand by manufacturing that product. So, the same structured cloth’s appearance could vary depending on the yarn type.

Count Of Yarn

The count of yarn shows the fineness of the yarn. The count of yarn has a great impact on the fabric structure. Before production, the count of the yarns is determined by the designer. The structure of the woven cloth varies depending on the relative thickness of the yarn used as warp or weft. Generally, warp count is less than weft count. So, the selection of warp and weft count affects the woven fabric structure.

The number Of Ends and Picks

The woven cloth structure is varied depending on the relative setting of the number of ends and picks, which are placed side by side in a given width and length of the cloth. It is determined that EPI and PPI affect the weight of the fabric as well as comfort, which are also affected by the number of ends and picks.

Interlacing System

The variation in woven fabric structure also depends on the order of interlacement of ends and picks. We know that plain, twill, or satin designs are not the same, and the interlacement depends on the design of the fabric.

Finishing

The appearance of the woven fabric greatly depends on the finishing operation. Various types of finishing effects are done on the woven fabric. By finishing, modifications are done to the fabric. Some fabrics become smooth, some are hard in feel, some are waterproof, some are fireproof, some are lighter in weight or heavy, and many more effect is done by finishing. Various types of finishing machines are used for doing this job.

So, there are lots of fundamental factors behind the variation of the woven fabric structure.