Table of Contents
Density Test
Density testing plays an important role in the textile sector. In the textile industry, the quality control department is responsible for carrying out various types of quality tests. A density test is one of them. A density test is important for fabric manufacturing.
Density Testing Procedure Of A Textile Fiber
There is a different test for identifying the fiber. The density of textile fiber is important to know. Density is measured by the following steps:
- Firstly, clamp the density gradient glass on a firm vertical stand.
- Secondly, pour into the tube 25 ml of tetrachloroethylene.
- Thirdly, prepare a mixture of xylene and tetrachloroethylene in descending order of percent tetrachloroethylene: 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, 50/50, 40/60, 30/70, 20/80, and 10/90.
- Now, pour 25 ml of each in order carefully down the side of the gradient tube.
- After that, put 25 ml of xylene on top.
- Then, take short fragments of dyed reference fibers and tie them in a knot, snipping off the loose ends.
- Additionally, boil for 2 minutes in xylene solvent to remove moisture and air.
- After about a half-hour, they should come to rest at a level representing their density.
- A calibrated glass sphere may be used to determine the actual density at various levels.
- Lastly, prepare the unknown fiber in a similar manner, place it in the gradient column, and note at what level it floats.
So, that’s all about the density test. We can test the various types of fiber density as per the above procedure.
In sum, if the density of the fiber is heavier than the density of the chemical, then the fiber will sink to the bottom. Consequently, if the density of the fiber is lower than the density of the chemical, it will float to the top.
Density Table
The following is the density of some fibers: They are-
| Serial No. | Fiber Name | Density (g/cc) |
| 1. | Cotton and other cellulosic fibers | 1.54 |
| 2. | Acetate Fiber | 1.32 |
| 3. | Silk | 1.32 |
| 4. | Wool | 1.32 |
| 5. | Nylon | 1.14 |
| 6. | Polyester | 1.38 |
| 7. | Acrylic | 1.17 |
Density tests are carried out along with other fiber tests such as stain tests, drying twist tests, and others. Moreover, it is important for a textile engineer to know the testing procedure for each chemical test. Finally, do the test for better performance.
